Posted on January 27, 2015 by sschirott
The Electric Universe
We live in an electric world. Our cities are visible
from space at night, blazing with electric lights. The electricity courses
invisibly in the darkness over great distances along thin power lines. We find
electricity indispensable. Nature does the same since all matter is electrical.
Yet astronomy is stuck in the gas-light era, unable to see that stars are
simply electric lights strung along invisible cosmic power lines that are
detectable by their magnetic fields and radio noise.
It is now a century since the Norwegian genius
Kristian Birkeland proved that the phenomenal ‘northern lights’ or aurora
borealis is an earthly connection with the electrical Sun. Later, Hannes Alfvén
the Swedish Nobel Prize winning physicist, with a background in electrical
engineering and experience of the northern lights, drew the solar circuit. It
is no coincidence that Scandinavian scientists led the way in showing that we
live in an Electric Universe.
Why have they been ignored? The answer may be found in
the inertia of prior beliefs and the failure of our educational institutions.
We humans are better storytellers than scientists. We see the universe through
the filter of tales we are told in childhood and our education systems
reward those who can best repeat them. Dissent is discouraged so that many of
the brightest intellects become bored and drop out. The history of science is
sanitized to ignore the great controversies of the past, which were generally
‘won’ by a vote instead of reasoned debate. Today NASA does science by press
release and investigative journalism is severely inhibited. And narrow experts
who never left school do their glossy media ‘show and tell,’ keeping the public
in the dark in this ‘dark age’ of science. It is often said, “extraordinary
claims require extraordinary proof.” History shows otherwise that entrenched
paradigms resist extraordinary disproof.
This article is for the curious, those who are
eager to discover some reasonable answers about life, the universe and
everything (as far as it is possible today) free of old beliefs that have
shackled progress for centuries. It requires a beginner’s mind and a broad
forensic approach to knowledge that is not taught in any university. The payoff
is the spark that lights up lives.
Synopsis 1 – Preface
“The most merciful thing in the world… is the
inability of the human mind to correlate all its contents… The sciences, each
straining in its own direction, have hitherto harmed us little; but someday the
piecing together of dissociated knowledge will open up such terrifying vistas
of reality… That we shall either go mad from the revelation or flee from the
deadly light into the peace and safety of a new dark age.”
In a broadly interdisciplinary inquiry such as this,
communication itself can pose quite a challenge. Typically, the greatest
difficulties in communication will occur when one is questioning something
already “known” to be true. On matters of underlying principle, the confidence
behind established ideas can be so high that discussion itself may seem quite
senseless. This difficulty is aggravated by fragmentation of the process by
which information is gathered and evaluated. The specialization of intellectual
inquiry carries with it certain risks when assumptions within one discipline
rest upon prior assumptions in other disciplines. No one can be an expert on
everything, and when considering possibilities outside one’s personal
expertise, it is only natural to defer to what specialists in other studies
claim to know. But what are the consequences of this when theoretical
suppositions, though perceived as fact, cannot account for compelling new
fields of data?
Given the extreme fragmentation of established science
today it is difficult to imagine that the enterprise as a whole could ever
“correlate all its contents.” Yet extraordinary strides toward that “someday”
envisioned by Lovecraft may now be possible through a new approach – one in
which electrical phenomena receive the full attention they deserve, and all
appropriate fields of evidence are included. To some, the prospects may appear
every bit as disturbing as Lovecraft imagined. But for those who instinctively
seek out unifying principles, the new horizons will be at once breathtaking and
hopeful.
This introduction will present a new “deep focus lens”
for viewing the physical universe, from sub-atomic particles to galactic realms
unknown before the Hubble telescope. The Electric Universe is a holistic answer
to myopia – a disinclination to acknowledge the existence of something. For
those with the courage to see clearly, the required “unlearning” of fashionable
ideas carries no real cost whatsoever. The terror Lovecraft envisioned is only
the first rush of uncertainty, when ideas long taken for granted are thrown
into question by facts and simple reasoning previously ignored. The “piecing
together of dissociated knowledge” will only require us to confront the deep
contradictions in things experts have long claimed to know. With the courage to
see clearly, the adventure itself could well be “the most merciful thing in the
world”, adding new insights into the greatest dramas of early human history and
vital perspective to humanity’s situation in the cosmos. Lovecraft did not
realize that the “terrifying vistas” are but a mirage seen through an open
door. The truth is always unified, and as such it can only be friendly to those
who seek the truth first. As we pass through the door, it is not fear that goes
with us, but the exhilaration of discovery.
Synopsis 2 – The Electric Universe
The Electric Universe model is a coherent “Big
Picture” of our situation in the universe, spanning many disciplines. It
highlights repeated electrical patterns at all scales that enable laboratory
experiments to explain the strange, energetic events seen, for example, in deep
space, on the Sun, and on Jupiter’s moon, Io. The Electric Universe works
backward in time using observations rather than forward from some idealised
theoretical beginning. It provides simple answers to problems that are now
clothed in fashionable metaphysics and mysticism. It is more interdisciplinary
and inclusive of information than any prior cosmology. It points to practical
possibilities far beyond the limits set by current science.
The Electric Universe model grew out of a broad
interdisciplinary approach to science. It is not a technique taught in
universities. The Electric Universe is based more on observations and
experiment than abstract theory. It recognizes connections between diverse
disciplines. It concludes that the crucial requirement for understanding the
universe is to take fully into account the basic electrical nature of atoms and
their interactions. Strangely, this is not the case in conventional cosmology
where weaker magnetism and the infinitely weaker force of gravity rule the
cosmos. Such a simplification may suit a theoretical physics based on
electrical neutrality of matter in Earthly laboratories but it does not apply
in space where plasma dominates.
Plasma has been called the “fourth state” of matter,
after solids, liquids and gases. Most of the matter in the universe is in the
form of plasma. A plasma is formed if some of the negatively charged electrons
are separated from their host atoms in a gas, leaving the atoms with a positive
charge. The negatively charged electrons, and the positively charged atoms
(known as positive ions) are then free to move separately under the influence
of an applied voltage or magnetic field. Their net movement constitutes an
electrical current. So, one of the more important properties of a plasma is
that it can conduct electrical current. It does so by forming current filaments
that follow magnetic field lines. Filamentary patterns are ubiquitous in the
cosmos.
Synopsis 3 – A Little History
“To be sure, nature distributes her gifts unevenly
among her children. But there are plenty of the well-endowed, thank God, and I
am firmly convinced that most of them live quiet, unobtrusive lives.”
~ Albert Einstein
The pieces of the Electric Universe “Big Picture” are
supplied by some remarkable individuals, most of them unknown and who have
lived or are living “quiet, unobtrusive lives” away from universities. For
those with a sense of history this fact should serve to increase curiosity
rather than dull it. Most revolutions in science have come from people who
taught themselves outside the academic system and were not constrained by the
fallacies and fashions of the day. It has been well documented that modern
institutions of science operate in such a way as to enforce conformity and
prevent research and publication of revolutionary ideas. J. R. Saul argues that
medieval scholasticism was re-established during the 20th century. If so, the
new “Enlightenment” will have to come, as before, from outside academia.
For me, enlightenment began with the controversial
polymath and author of Worlds in Collision, Immanuel Velikovsky. In 1950 he
demonstrated an interdisciplinary, comparative technique for uncovering hard
evidence of planetary catastrophe from the recorded memories of the earliest
civilizations. His method was forensic in that he looked for reports of
physical events of a highly unusual nature that were nonetheless corroborated
globally by totally separate cultures. Then by applying scientific knowledge of
cause and effect, it was possible to build a very detailed model of the
sequence of those events. Finally, the model enabled specific predictions to be
made and confirmed – a requirement of a good scientific theory. Some of the
predictions he made were outrageous at the time: Venus would be near
incandescently hot, Jupiter would emit radio noise, the Moon rocks would be
magnetised, and so on. Velikovsky was right, astronomers of the day were wrong.
However, you will not find any textbook that gives him credit because his
theory was judged to be wrong. Presumably they were all lucky guesses!
It became clear to Velikovsky that Newton’s concept of
gravity was insufficient to explain the reported behaviour of the planets. And
it certainly could not answer the obvious question, “why do the skies look so
peaceful now?” This allowed a dogmatic response by academia to Velikovsky’s
seminal breakthrough. It was said his theory didn’t obey Newton’s laws. But
what did Newton know of electricity? And if anyone believes that Newton’s laws
guarantee a stable planetary system – think again! Any gravitational system
with more than two orbiting bodies is unstable. Yet the question is hardly ever
asked, let alone answered, “what produces the observed stability of the solar
system?” Velikovsky was convinced that the clue lay in his discovery that
electrical forces dominate the incredibly weak force of gravity at times of
planetary close encounters. Although he was unable to explain at the time how
this would create the observed stability of the solar system, with his uncanny
prescience he had pointed the way to the Electric Universe.
Since then sceptical scholars have shown Velikovsky’s
historical perspective of cataclysmic events to be wrong. However, his basic
premise of planetary encounters has been confirmed and the details fleshed out
to an extraordinary degree. Several pioneering researchers in this new field
now agree that awe-inspiring planetary encounters did occur in pre-history. To
the most ancient civilizations they were a culturally defining memory. They
were the inspiration for pyramids, megaliths, statues, totems and sacred rock
art. The survivors of global upheaval felt it imperative that the memory be
preserved and passed down faithfully to future generations in the expectation
that the “gods” would return. The memorialization took the form of
architecture, ritual and story to re-enact the apocalyptic power of the
planetary gods over human destiny. Such a catastrophic beginning explains why
civilization appeared like a thunderclap out of nowhere. Unfortunately, with no
reference points in the present behavior of the planets, the stories lost their
real meaning.
This short explanation may seem contrived until the
wealth of supporting evidence can be presented. However, it highlights the
crucial distinction between the planetary catastrophism of the Electric
Universe and that of neo-catastrophists who attempt to explain the evidence for
planetary encounters in terms of cometary phenomena. Modern comets simply do
not fit the descriptions from the past. Nor can they account for abundant
evidence of fresh looking planetary cratering and scarring. Besides, in an
Electric Universe comets are not the apocalyptic threat to the Earth
imaginatively portrayed by artists. Such pictures are entirely fanciful because
a comet would be disrupted electrically by a cosmic thunderbolt before it hit
the Earth. The only visible evidence remaining would be an electric arc crater
like Meteor Crater in Arizona.
The Electric Universe model grew from the realization
that a new plasma cosmology and an understanding of electrical phenomena in
space could illuminate the new work being done in comparative mythology. In
return the images of events witnessed in the prehistoric sky and their sequence
could help unravel the recent history of the Earth, Mars and Venus. By
accepting data over a far wider span of knowledge and human existence than
conventional cosmology allows, the Electric Universe model began to provide
pragmatic and common sense answers to many questions that seem unrelated. It
followed the entreaty of the Nobel Prize winning plasma physicist and
cosmologist, Hannes Alfvén, to work backwards in time from observations rather
than forward from some idealized theoretical beginning.
“We have to learn again that science without contact
with experiments is an enterprise which is likely to go completely astray into
imaginary conjecture.”
~ Evolution of the Solar System, NASA 1976, H. Alfvén & G, Arrhenius,
p. 257.
The result is now a “Big Picture” that emphasizes our
dramatic prehistory and essential connectedness to the universe. No longer do
we have to look at ourselves and the universe through the distorting sideshow
mirrors of modern science.
The implications of electrical activity between
planets will be profoundly disturbing for those who have built their cosmology
around the weak force of gravity, acting in an electrically sterile universe.
This strange, dogmatic oversight guarantees that nothing will remain in future
of the fanciful Big Bang theory or the simplistic story of the formation of the
solar system.
Synopsis 4 – What Big Bang?
The Big Bang is already dead! The unheralded “Galileo
of the 20th century”, Halton Arp, has proven that the universe is not expanding.
The Big Bang theory is based on a misinterpretation
of redshift. The redshift of a distant galaxy is measured in the light coming
from that galaxy. Lines in the spectrum of that galaxy show a shift toward the
red compared with the same lines from our Sun. Arp discovered that high and low
redshift objects are sometimes connected by a bridge or jet of matter. So
redshift cannot be a measure of distance. Most of the redshift is intrinsic to
the object. But there is more: Arp found that the intrinsic redshift of a
quasar or galaxy took discrete values, which decreased with distance from a
central active galaxy. In Arp’s new view of the cosmos, active galaxies “give
birth” to high redshift quasars and companion galaxies. Redshift becomes a
measure of the relative ages of nearby quasars and galaxies, not their
distance. As a quasar or galaxy ages, the redshift decreases in discrete steps,
or quanta.
The huge puzzle for astrophysicists is why a galaxy
should exhibit an atomic phenomenon. So we turn to particle physics. This difficulty
highlights the fact that quantum “mechanics” applied to atoms is a theory
without physical reality. The weirdness of quantum theory has been attributed
to the subatomic scale to which it applies. But now that we have quantum
effects in something the size of a galaxy, this convenient nonsense is exposed.
If Arp is right many experts are going to look very silly. His discovery
sounded the alarm in some halls of Academe and since nobody likes a loud noise
– particularly if they are asleep – the knee-jerk response was to attack the
guy with his finger on the alarm button. Arp’s telescope time was denied, papers
rejected, and he was forced to leave the US to pursue his work.
Synopsis 5 – Electric Galaxies
For more than 10 years plasma physicists have had an
electrical model of galaxies. It works with real-world physics. The model is
able to successfully account for the observed shapes and dynamics of galaxies
without recourse to invisible dark matter and central black holes. It explains
simply the powerful electric jets seen issuing along the spin axis from the
cores of active galaxies. Recent results from mapping the magnetic field of a
spiral galaxy confirm the electric model.
On the other hand, cosmologists cannot explain why
spiral shapes are so common and they have only ad-hoc explanations for galactic
magnetic fields.
More recently, inter-galactic magnetic fields have
been discovered which is the final straw to break the camel’s back. Incredible
gravitational models involving invisible “black holes” have had to be invented
in a desperate attempt to explain how the attractive force of gravity can
result in matter being ejected in a narrow jet at relativistic speeds.
Why do we accept such science fiction as fact when an
Electric Universe predicts spiral shapes, magnetic fields and jets? The cosmic
magnetic fields simply delineate the electric currents that create, move and
light the galaxies.
Synopsis 6 – Electric Stars
Plasma physicists argue that stars are formed by an
electromagnetic “pinch” effect on widely dispersed gas and dust. The “pinch” is
created by the magnetic force between parallel current filaments that are part
of the huge electric currents flowing inside a galaxy. It is far more effective
than gravity in concentrating matter and, unlike gravity, it can remove excess
angular momentum that tends to prevent collapse. Stars will form like beads on
a wire until gravity takes over.
The late Ralph Juergens, an engineer from Flagstaff,
Arizona, in the 1970’s took the next mental leap to suggest that the electrical
input doesn’t stop there and that stars are not thermonuclear engines! This is
obvious when the Sun is looked at from an electrical discharge perspective. The
galactic currents that create the stars persist to power them. Stars behave as
electrodes in a galactic glow discharge. Bright stars like our Sun are great
concentrated balls of lightning! The matter inside stars becomes positively
charged as electrons drift toward the surface. The resulting internal
electrostatic forces prevent stars from collapsing gravitationally and
occasionally cause them to “give birth” by electrical fissioning to form
companion stars and gas giant planets. Sudden brightening, or a nova outburst
marks such an event. That elucidates why stars commonly have partners and why
most of the giant planets so far detected closely orbit their parent star.
Stellar evolution theory and the age of stars is an elaborate fiction. The
appearance of a star is determined largely by its electrical environment
and can change suddenly. Plasma physicists and electrical engineers are best
able to recognize plasma discharge phenomena. Stellar physics is in the wrong
hands.
Synopsis 7 – Planets
Earth-like planets and moons are similarly “born” by
electrical expulsion of part of the positively charged cores of dwarf stars and
gas giants. That explains the dichotomy between the dense rocky planets and
moons and the gaseous giant planets. In the Electric Universe model, gravity
itself is simply an electrostatic dipolar force. So planetary orbits are
stabilized against gravitational chaos by exchange of electric charge through
their plasma tails (Venus is still doing so strongly, judging by its “cometary”
magnetotail, and it has the most circular orbit of any planet) and consequent
modification of the gravity of each body. Planets will quickly assume orbits
that ensure the least electrical interaction. Impacts between large bodies are
avoided and capture rendered more probable by exchange of electric charge
between them. Capture of our Moon becomes the only option, it cannot have been
created from the Earth. Evidence of past planetary instabilities is written
large on the surfaces of all solid bodies in the solar system. That evidence is
in the form of electric arc cratering.
Synopsis 8 – Electrical Cratering
Electric discharges between closely approaching bodies
takes the form of “thunderbolts of the gods”, or distinctively shaped helical
plasmoids. Such plasmoids were sculpted by many ancient cultures when depicting
Jupiter hurling his thunderbolt.
Jupiter’s thunderbolt raises questions about the
history of mankind and the Earth that have never before been asked. When it
comes to dating planetary surfaces, plasmoids cause characteristic electrical
arc scarring in the form of sinuous channels and neatly circular craters with
steep walls and occasional central peaks. Such craters are universally
misinterpreted as impact craters. The sinuous channels are wrongly classified as
riverbeds or lava channels. Minutes or hours of electrical scarring can produce
a surface like that of the Moon, which is later interpreted in ad hoc fashion
to be billions of years old. Hemispheric differences in cratering are expected
in this model. And for the sceptics, subdued electric arc machining of a
planet-sized body continues to this day on Jupiter’s innermost moon, Io. See
the news items on my website holoscience.com for many successful predictions about the
discoveries that would be made as close-up images of Io became available.
Planetary geologists are not trained to recognize
electric arc scarring otherwise they would have seen at a glance the
characteristic cathodic surface erosion and cathode jets on Io. They are
definitely not volcanos as we know them from geology textbooks.
Synopsis 9 – Electrical Weather
Most people are unaware that we have no understanding
of how lightning is created in clouds. The simplest answer is that lightning is
not generated there at all. Clouds merely form a convenient path to Earth for
electricity originating in space. Without clouds it is possible to have a “bolt
from the blue”. That is happening on Venus (although the sky certainly isn’t
blue). Weather systems are driven primarily by external electrical influences.
Consequently the Sun has weather patterns. And the
most distant planet, Neptune, has the most violent winds in the solar system
though it receives very little energy from the Sun. Electric discharges from
space cause Mars’ huge dust devils and planet-wide dust storms. They are
responsible for Jupiter’s Great Red Spot and the “spokes” in Saturn’s rings. It
is why Venus has lightning in its smog-like clouds and its mountain-tops glow
with St. Elmo’s fire. It is why the Earth has lightning stretching into space
in the form of “red sprites” and “blue jets”, and why tethered satellites “blow
a fuse”.
However, nobody is trained to consider electrical
energy input to weather systems.
This image (left) is a NASA artist’s view of
lightning on Venus during the descent of one of the Pioneer probes. Venus has
smog-like clouds that are not expected to generate lightning and yet the planet
suffers intense lightning. This argues against the popular notion of what
causes lightning.
Synopsis 10 – Life Itself
It seems that when a dwarf star or gas giant planet
“gives birth” to a rocky satellite, parent and child usually remain closely
bound. Our solar system, with its widely spaced orbits and chaotic features,
appears to be the result of a recent cosmic “traffic accident”. This seemingly
wild conjecture is supported by the global stories of prehistoric planetary
encounters. So to use our situation as a measure of a normal planetary system
will give wildly misleading ideas of how life begins and estimates of the likelihood
of life elsewhere in the universe. The most benign situation for life in an
Electric Universe is inside the electrical cocoon of a brown dwarf star.
Radiant energy is then evenly distributed over the entire surface of any planet
orbiting within the chromosphere of such a star, regardless of axial rotation,
tilt, or orbital eccentricity.
The exceedingly thin atmosphere of such stars has the
essential water and carbon compounds to mist down onto planetary surfaces. The
reddish light is ideal for photosynthesis. Such a model provides one reason why
the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project is unlikely to
succeed. Any advanced civilization on such a planet will be unaware that the
universe exists outside its own stellar environment, and radio communication
through the glow discharge of the star is impossible!
Our education systems are not suited to the broad
interdisciplinary knowledge required in an Electric Universe.
Synopsis 11 – Some Basics
“The machines that are first invented to perform any
particular movement are always the most complex, and succeeding artists
generally discover that with fewer wheels, with fewer principles of motion than
had originally been employed, the same effects may be more easily produced. The
first philosophical systems, in the same manner, are always the most complex.”
~ Adam Smith.
The Electric Universe takes a simplifying leap by
unifying the nuclear forces, magnetism and gravity as manifestations of a near
instantaneous electrostatic force. Instead of being “spooked” by the concept of
action-at-a-distance, like most physicists this century, the Electric Universe
accepts it as an observational fact. Anyone who has tried to force two like
poles of magnets together has demonstrated action-at-a-distance. “Electromagnetic”
radiation is then simply the result of an oscillating electrostatic force.
At the level of the atom, the Electric Universe model
takes a lead from the work of Ralph Sansbury, an independent New York
researcher. Foremost is the simple recognition of the basic electrical nature
of matter and the primacy of the electrostatic force in matter interactions. It
also rests upon the simple assumption that the proton, neutron and electron are
composed of smaller charged particles, orbiting each other in a classical sense
in stable, resonant orbits. That is, the energy exchanged between those
sub-particles in elastic deformation during each orbit sums to zero. Being charged,
the sub-particles interact via the electrostatic force. A simple calculation
shows that the sub-particles that form an electron must travel at a speed far
in excess of the speed of light – some 2.5 million light-years per second, or
from here to the far side of the Andromeda galaxy in one second! So the
electrostatic force must act at a speed which is almost infinite on our scale
for the electron to be stable. It is the stable orbital resonances of these
sub-particles, both within and between particles that give rise to the
phenomena of protons, neutrons, electrons and atoms. Other denizens of the
particle “zoo” are merely transient resonant states of the same charged
sub-particles. The so-called “creation” of matter from energetic photons is an
illusion in which pre-existing matter is reorganized into new resonant states
that give the impression that a particle has suddenly materialized. Antimatter
is a misnomer since it too is formed from the same sub-particles as “normal”
matter except that the total charge is mirrored. Matter cannot be created or
annihilated.
A Conventional View of Forces in Physics
1. Nuclear forces keep the nucleons (protons and
neutrons) together in the atomic nucleus. They are the dominating forces in the
nucleus, but of no importance at large distances from it.
2a. Electric forces. A positive charge and negative
charge attract each other, but similar charges repel. Electric forces keep the
atoms together (” bind ” the electrons to the nucleus). They are of a certain
importance in the nucleus. At large distances electric forces are usually not
so important because of a screening effect. For example, a positive charge
attracts negative charges to its neighborhood so that they screen off the field
from the positive charge.
2b. Magnetic forces are closely related to the
electric forces. Because they cannot be screened very easily, they are
efficient at larger distances than electric forces. Example: the Earth’s
magnetic field.
3. Gravitation is much weaker than electric forces and
therefore of no importance in the atom. As the gravitation cannot be screened,
it is the dominating force at large distances. The orbits of the planets and
the motions of stars and galaxies are ruled by gravitation. – H. Alfvén.
Quantum Theory
For the first time the highly successful quantum
theory gains a physical explanation in terms of resonant motion of charged
particles, mediated by a near-instantaneous electrostatic force. A quantum
electron orbit is one in which the exchange of energy between all of the
sub-particles in the nucleus of an atom and those in an orbiting electron, sum
to zero over the orbit. Exchange of energy takes the form of distortion of a
particle to form an electrostatic dipole or a move to a new resonant orbit.
Relativity Theory
Einstein’s Special Theory was designed to define
simultaneity in a universe where the fastest force or signal was restricted to
the measured speed of detection of light from a distant source. With an
electrostatic force of near-infinite speed acting between the sub-particles of
all matter, relativity theory reduces to classical physics. This leaves open
the question of what we are measuring when we determine the speed of light. The
speed of light in galactic terms is exceedingly slow, requiring about 150,000
years to cross our galaxy. However, the astronomer Halton Arp has shown that
the redshifts of entire galaxies are quantized which requires some form of near
instantaneous, galaxy-wide communication at the sub-atomic level. There are now
several reported experiments that demonstrate faster than light effects. With
the Special Theory gone, and the universe in communication with its parts
effectively in real-time, there can be no time travel and space and time are
independent. Common sense has always suggested that this was so. Einstein’s
General Theory was devised to explain gravity. It attempts to discard the
observed action-at-a-distance of gravity by proposing a counter-intuitive
warping of space in the presence of massive objects. This unnecessary
complication of space is then added to the current metaphysical concepts of
what constitutes the mass of an object. But space must also “warp” at near
infinite speed to produce the observed planetary orbits. Common sense,
observation, and parsimony of hypotheses all suggest that the electrostatic
model of gravity (see below) is superior. There is now experimental evidence
from gravity measurements at the time of a total solar eclipse that supports
the Electric Universe model and discounts the General Relativity model.
E = mc2
Einstein’s famous mathematical expression E=mc2,
equating energy and mass is known by almost everyone. However, most textbooks
go on to use the word “matter” in place of “mass.” But nowhere has it been
shown that mass and matter are interchangeable. In fact, we are entirely
ignorant of what constitutes the mass of an object. So it is inadmissible to
imply that energy and matter are interchangeable. The ultimate expression of
this idea led to the nonsense of the big bang. It seems simpler and more
sensible to suggest that both nuclear and chemical energy is released or
absorbed by the rearrangement of the resonant orbits of charged particles. It
is then common sense to suggest that mass is the measured response of a system
of charged particles to an external electrostatic force. The more massive an
object, the more the electrostatic force contributes to the elastic deformation
of its protons, neutrons and electrons, rather than their acceleration. This is
the phenomenon seen in particle accelerators and conventionally attributed to
relativistic effects. But relativity reduces to classical physics in a universe
where the electrostatic force has near-infinite speed. The first question to be
asked is – if it is that simple, why hasn’t it been thought of long ago? The
answer seems to lie in the propensity for mathematical theory to supersede
common sense and observation. There is also a problem of language when
mathematicians attempt to provide real meaning for their symbols.
Synopsis 12 – So What?
The consequences and possibilities in an Electric
Universe are far-reaching. First we must acknowledge our profound ignorance! We
know nothing of the origin of the universe. There was no Big Bang. The visible
universe is static and much smaller than we thought. We have no idea of the age
or extent of the universe. We don’t know the ultimate source of the electrical
energy or matter that forms the universe. Galaxies are shaped by electrical
forces and form plasma focuses at their centers, which periodically eject
quasars and jets of electrons. Quasars evolve into companion galaxies. Galaxies
form families with identifiable “parents” and “children”. Stars are electrical
“transformers” not thermonuclear devices. There are no neutron stars or Black
Holes. We don’t know the age of stars because the thermonuclear evolution
theory does not apply to them. Supernovae are totally inadequate as a source of
heavy elements. We do not know the age of the Earth because radioactive clocks
can be upset by powerful electric discharges.
The powerful electric discharges that form a stellar
photosphere create the heavy elements that appear in their spectra. Stars “give
birth” electrically to companion stars and gas giant planets. Life is most
likely to form inside the radiant plasma envelope of a brown dwarf star! Our
Sun has gained new planets, including the Earth. That accounts for the
“fruit-salad” of their characteristics. It is not the most hospitable place for
life since small changes in the distant Sun could freeze or sterilize the
Earth. Planetary surfaces and atmospheres are deposited during their birth from
a larger body and during electrical encounters with other planets. Planetary
surfaces bear the electrical scars of such cosmic events. The speed of light is
not a barrier. Real-time communication over galactic distances may be possible.
Therefore time is universal and time travel is impossible. Anti-gravity is
possible. Space has no extra dimensions in which to warp or where parallel
universes may exist. There is no “zero-point” vacuum energy. The invisible
energy source in space is electrical. Clean nuclear power is available from
resonant catalytic nuclear systems. Higher energy is available from resonant
catalytic chemical systems than in the usual chemical reactions. Biological
enzymes are capable of utilizing resonant nuclear catalysis to transmute
elements. Biological systems show evidence of communicating via resonant
chemical systems, which may lend a physical explanation to the work of Rupert
Sheldrake. DNA does not hold the key to life but is more like a blueprint for a
set of components and tools in a factory. We may never be able to read the
human genome and tell whether it represents a creature with two legs or six
because the information that controls the assembly line is external to the DNA.
There is more to life than chemistry.
We are not hopelessly isolated in time and space on a
tiny rock, orbiting an insignificant star in an insignificant galaxy. We are
hopefully connected with the power and intelligence of the universe.
The future in an Electric Universe looks very exciting
indeed!
Thunderbolts of the Gods – Official Movie
Movie credit: The Thunderbolts Project.
About the author:
Wallace Thornhill (or Wal as he is known), graduated
in Physics at Melbourne University in 1964 and began postgraduate studies with
Prof. Victor Hopper’s upper atmosphere research group. Before entering
university, he had been inspired by Immanuel Velikovsky through his
controversial best-selling book, Worlds in
Collision. Wal experienced
first-hand the indifference and sometimes hostility toward a radical challenge
to mainstream science. He realized there is no career for a heretic in
academia.
Wal worked for 11 years with IBM Australia. The later
years were spent in the prestigious IBM Systems Development Institute in
Canberra, working on the first computer graphics system in Australia. He was
the technical support for the computing facilities in the Research Schools at
the Australian National University, which gave him excellent access to
libraries and scientists there.
Wal has published several books with David Talbot
(author of The Saturn Myth) — the first titled Thunderbolts of the Gods and the second, The Electric Universe, on the combined subjects of the recent history of
the solar system and the Electric Universe.
For more information, please visit The Electric Universe and Thunderbolts online.
From Wake
Up World, January 28, 2015
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