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Wednesday, August 26, 2015

Water covers 70 percent of the Earth's surface, but only a fraction is fresh


Technology and Innovation publishes new double issue with special section on water

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA (USF INNOVATION)

    

Tampa, Fla. (Aug. 25, 2015) - Fresh water--connecting and sustaining all aspects of life on Earth, including food and energy--is in great danger. Moreover, scientists are worried not only about fresh water; they worry that we are not worried enough about fresh water, especially in light of growing concern over recent events, such as the prolonged California drought. The current Special Issue Section of Technology and Innovation - Journal of the National Academy of Inventors has a special section devoted to fresh water and the challenges it faces from us and from the changing environment.

"As the global population expands, climate change, overexploitation of water resources, pollution, and economic growth are impacting the availability of water," said Vimal Chaitanya, vice president for research and professor of mechanical engineering and chemical and materials engineering at New Mexico State University, and Frederic Zenhausern, professor of basic medical sciences and radiation oncology at the University of Arizona College of Medicine and director of the Center for Applied Nanobioscience and Medicine at the University of Arizona, in a lead-off editorial. "As a result, society faces an unprecedented challenge to advance science and develop appropriate technological innovations to ensure water security," they conclude.

The authors spell-out the bad news:


  • A human population of 10 billion by the end of the century.
  • One billion people already suffer deficiencies in water access.
  • Water that could be used for drinking is contaminated with microbial toxins, viral infections, and chemicals, such as pesticides and manufacturing wastes.
Given this context, the current T&I issue reports on "innovative solutions" to these problems because, as Chaitanya and Zenhausern assert, "there is a growing need for developing more sensitive analytical techniques, in particular when related to measuring biological responses, but also simpler and affordable methods for monitoring the quality of water sources. More importantly, these developments will require implementing regulatory standards and sharing common international practices for a more comprehensive approach to water management across geo-political and economic regions."

They cite advances in human epidemiology, bioassay platforms, and nanobiotechnologies as having "opened new avenues" for better understanding and monitoring of bioactivities and for transforming the availability of better and safer water treatments.

The editorial authors review the studies and articles in the Special Issue Section, starting with the article by Liz Felter (IFAS extension faculty in commercial horticulture at the University of Florida), et al, "It's Going to Take More Innovation than Technology to Increase Water Conservation Practices," a study that examines the perceptions of homeowners in Orange County, Florida who have automated irrigation systems and the roles of "social marketing," barriers, and peer pressure in implementing water conservation.

A paper by Donald Haynie (associate professor of physics at the University of South Florida), "Biodegradable Foams and Films: From Purified Proteins to Aqueous Feedstocks of Designed Polypeptides," suggests that using an approach that includes food foams and edible films using new composition and fabrication formulations could provide both environmental benefits and "comparably favorable" potential for commercial success.

The General Section of T&I: 17.1 includes a variety of topics. Daniel Hunter (U.S. Patent and Trademark Office), in his submission "Patent Prosecution Highway - Fast Track Examination of Applications," discusses a way to facilitate work sharing between intellectual property offices by reducing duplication of work when patent applications are filed in multiple countries.

Dean F. Martin and Autumn S. Thompson (Distinguished University Professor Emeritus at the University of South Florida and student assistant, also at USF) write on Jonas Kamlet, a pioneer in chemistry, using Kamlet's correspondence with his collaborators. The article, "Traits and Roles of Jonas Kamlet, Pioneering Chemistry Consultant, as a Guide to Contemporary Inventors," can serve as a guide to success for a new generation of inventors.

A review of the development of and advances in "telesurgery" technology, particularly as it relates to otolaryngology, is provided by Alisha R. Bonaroti and K. Paul Boyev (medical student at the Morsani College of Medicine at the University of South Florida and director of the Division of Otology/Neurotology/Lateral Skull Base Surgery, also at USF). The authors include recommended future uses for telesurgery in "A General Survey of Telesurgical Advances in Otolaryngology."

Finally, A. Alan Moghissi, (president of the Institute for Regulatory Science) et al, look at the ethical requirements of science and research as related to policy development in "Ethical Requirements of Application Science in Policy Including Regulations."
###
The National Academy of Inventors is a 501(c)(3) non-profit member organization comprising U.S. and international universities, and governmental and non-profit research institutes, with over 3,000 individual inventor members and Fellows spanning more than 200 institutions, and growing rapidly. It was founded in 2010 to recognize and encourage inventors with patents issued from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, enhance the visibility of academic technology and innovation, encourage the disclosure of intellectual property, educate and mentor innovative students, and translate the inventions of its members to benefit society. The NAI offices are located in the USF Research Park in Tampa. 

The NAI edits the multidisciplinary journal, Technology and Innovation, published by Cognizant Communication Corporation (NY). http://www.academyofinventors.org

The editorial offices of Technology and Innovation are located in the USF Research Park, 3702 Spectrum Blvd., Suite 165, Tampa, Florida, 33612 USA. Tel: +1-813-974-1347. EmailTIJournal@research.usf.edu

Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.


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How to Digitally Record/Video a UFO sighting:


Como registar digitalmente ou gravar um vídeo de um avistamento de um UFO:




Stabilize the camera on a tripod. If there is no tripod, then set it on top of a stable, flat surface. If that is not possible lean against a wall to stabilize your body and prevent the camera from filming in a shaky, unsteady manner.

Estabilize a camera com um tripé. Se não tiver um tripé, então coloque-a em cima de uma superfície estável. Se não for possível, então encoste-se a uma parede para estabilizar o corpo e evitar que a camera registe de maneira tremida e instável.

Provide visual reference points for comparison. This includes the horizon, treetops, lampposts, houses, and geographical landmarks (i.e., Horsetooth Reservoir, Mt. Adams, etc.) Provide this in the video whenever is appropriate and doesn’t detract from what your focus is, the UFO.

Forneça pontos visuais de referência para comparação. Isso inclui o horizonte, cimo das árvores, postes de iluminação, pontos de referência geográficos (como o Reservatório de Horsetooth, Mone Adams, etc) Forneça esses pontos no vídeo sempre que for apropriado e não se distraia do que é o seu foco, o UFO/a Nave.

Narrate your videotape. Provide details of the date, time, location, and direction (N,S,E,W) you are looking in. Provide your observations on the weather, including approximate temperature, windspeed, any visible cloud cover or noticeable weather anomalies or events. Narrate on the shape, size, color, movements, approximate altitude of the UFO, etc and what it appears to be doing. Also include any unusual physical, psychological or emotional sensations you might have. Narrate any visual reference points on camera so they correlate with what the viewer will see, and thereby will be better able to understand.

Faça a narração do vídeo. Forneça pormenores sobre a data, hora, local e direcção (Norte, Sul, Este, Oeste) que está a observar. Faça observações sobre as condições atmosféricas, incluindo a temperatura aproximada, velocidade do vento, quantidade de nuvens, anomalias ou acontecimentos meteorológicos evidentes. Descreva a forma, o tamanho, a cor, os movimentos, a altitude aproximada onde se encontra o UFO/nave, etc e o que aparenta estar a fazer. Inclua também quaisquer aspectos pouco habituais de sensações físicas, psicológicas ou emocionais que possa ter. Faça a narração de todos os pontos de referência visual que o espectador irá ver e que, deste modo, será capaz de compreender melhor.

Be persistent and consistent. Return to the scene to videotape and record at this same location. If you have been successful once, the UFO sightings may be occurring in this region regularly, perhaps for specific reasons unknown, and you may be successful again. You may also wish to return to the same location at a different time of day (daylight hours) for better orientation and reference. Film just a minute or two under “normal” circumstances for comparison. Write down what you remember immediately after. As soon as you are done recording the experience/event, immediately write down your impressions, memories, thoughts, emotions, etc. so it is on the record in writing. If there were other witnesses, have them independently record their own impressions, thoughts, etc. Include in this exercise any drawings, sketches, or diagrams. Make sure you date and sign your documentation.

Seja persistente e não contraditório. Volte ao local da cena e registe o mesmo local. Se foi bem sucedido uma vez, pode ser que nessa região ocorram avistamentos de UFOs/naves com regularidade, talvez por razões específicas desconhecidas, e talvez possa ser novamente bem sucedido. Pode também desejar voltar ao mesmo lugar a horas diferentes do dia (durante as horas de luz)para ter uma orientação e referência melhor. Filme apenas um ,inuto ou dois em circunstâncias “normais” para ter um termo de comparação. Escreva tudo o que viu imediatamente após o acontecimento. Logo após ter feito o registo da experiência/acontecimento, escreva imediatamente as impressões, memórias, pensamentos, emoções, etc para que fiquem registadas por escrito. Se houver outras testemunhas, peça-lhes para registar independentemente as suas próprias impressões, pensamentos, etc. Inclua quaisquer desenhos, esbolos, diagramas. Certifique-se que data e assina o seu documento/testemunho.

Always be prepared. Have a digital camera or better yet a video camera with you, charged and ready to go, at all times. Make sure you know how to use your camera (and your cell phone video/photo camera) quickly and properly. These events can occur suddenly, unexpectedly, and often quite randomly, so you will need to be prepared.

Esteja sempre preparado, Tenha sempre uma camera digital, melhor ainda, uma camera vídeo consigo, carregada e pronta a usar sempre que necessário. Certifique-se que sabe como lidar com a sua camera (ou com o seu celular/camera fotográfica) rápida e adequadamente. Esses acontecimentos podem acontecer súbita e inesperadamente e, por vezes, acidentalmente, por isso, necessita estar preparado.

Look up. Be prepared. Report. Share.

Olhe para cima, Esteja preparado, Relate, Partilhe.

MUFON.COM

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